Word formation

Negative prefixes, noun and adjective suffixes: un-, in-, dis-, -ness, -ity, -ful, -less.

Prefix	Examples	Note
un-	unhappy, unusual, unlikely	the most common
in- / im- / il- / ir-	invisible, impossible, illegal, irregular	im- before p, m; il- before l; ir- before r
dis-	dislike, disagree, dishonest	mainly verbs and some adjectives
mis-	misunderstand, misuse	«wrongly»
non-	non-smoker, non-existent	neutral, no judgement

Suffix	Role	Examples
-ness	noun (state)	happiness, kindness, darkness
-ity	noun (Latin origin)	possibility, reality, creativity
-ment / -tion	noun (action)	development, information, decision
-ful / -less	with / without	useful / useless, careful / careless
-able / -ible	can be done	washable, readable, visible
-ise / -ize, -en, -ify	verb	modernise, widen, simplify

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