Modals: must, have to, should, mustn't, don't have to
Obligation, prohibition, no obligation and advice.
| Modal | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| must | obligation (often the speaker's own feeling) | I must call my mother. |
| have to | obligation (an external rule) | I have to wear a uniform at work. |
| mustn't | prohibition | You mustn't smoke here. |
| don't have to | not necessary | You don't have to come. |
| should | advice | You should see a doctor. |
| could | possibility, suggestion, past ability | We could go to the cinema. I could swim at 5. |
Test yourself
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Complete: You ___ touch that, it's dangerous! (forbidden)
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mustn't -
Complete: It's Sunday, you ___ get up early. (not necessary)
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don't have to -
Give advice: you look tired. (should)
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You should rest. -
Past of «I must leave early»?
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I had to leave early.