Discourse markers in writing
however, nevertheless, whereas, moreover, hence, thus: punctuation and position.
| Function | Markers | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Addition | moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides | at the start + comma |
| Contrast | however, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the other hand | however: start, middle or end, between commas |
| Contrast within a sentence | whereas, while | join two clauses |
| Result | therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a result | hence can come before a noun: hence the delay |
| Concession | admittedly, granted, even so | accepting a point before disagreeing |
| Example | for instance, for example, such as | such as + noun |
| Conclusion | in conclusion, to sum up, overall, all in all | — |
Test yourself
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Punctuate: The plan was good however it failed.
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The plan was good; however, it failed. -
Which marker confirms: indeed or eventually?
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indeed -
Complete: It rained all week; ___, the match was cancelled. (result)
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therefore / as a result / consequently -
Complete: I prefer tea, ___ my wife prefers coffee.
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whereas / while