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C1

Learned forms: the legacy of Katharevousa

Genitives in -εως, active participles in -ων / -ούσα / -ον, and other formal features.

Standard Modern Greek absorbed many forms from Katharevousa, the formal language used in administration and education until 1976. They are common in news, law, science and formal writing.

FeatureLearned formEveryday equivalent
genitive of -η nounsτης πόλεως, της λύσεωςτης πόλης, της λύσης
active participleο ισχύων νόμος, η επερχόμενη κρίσηο νόμος που ισχύει
participle -ων, -ούσα, -ονυπάρχων, υπάρχουσα, υπάρχονπου υπάρχει
passive perfect participleδεδομένος, εκτεθειμένος—
3rd person imperativesΙσχύει από σήμερα · ας ληφθεί υπόψη—
  • Σύμφωνα με την ισχύουσα νομοθεσία, απαιτείται άδεια.
    According to current legislation, a permit is required.
  • Οι ενδιαφερόμενοι μπορούν να υποβάλουν αίτηση.
    Those interested can submit an application.

Test yourself

  1. Everyday form of «της λύσεως»?
    Show answer
    της λύσης
  2. What does «ο ισχύων νόμος» mean?
    Show answer
    the law in force
  3. Feminine of the participle «υπάρχων»?
    Show answer
    υπάρχουσα
  4. Where are learned forms most common?
    Show answer
    news, law, science, formal writing